In this paper we test different conjugate gradient (CG) methods for solving largescale unconstrained optimization problems. The methods are divided in two groups: the first group includes five basic ...

Fuzzy optimisation has emerged as a vital framework for addressing decision-making and extremum problems where data ambiguity and uncertainty preclude the direct application of classical optimisation ...

Conjugate gradient methods form a class of iterative algorithms that are highly effective for solving large‐scale unconstrained optimisation problems. They achieve efficiency by constructing search ...