Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Bit Error Rate Simulation Using 16 QAM Technique in Matlab In this paper, the authors introduce the Bit Error Rate (BER) simulation using 16 QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) in Matlab. Bit error ...

Subscribe here to receive similar articles over e-mail whenever Krishna Pillai publishes an article on his site. The article compares various digital modulation schemes like BPSK, QPSK, PAM, 16PSK, ...

The advent of all‐optical modulation format conversion techniques has fundamentally reshaped modern optical communications. These techniques enable the direct manipulation of optical signals in their ...

Download this article in PDF format. We also want to recognize Rick Gentile of MathWorks as a co-author of this article. Modulation identification is an important function for an intelligent receiver.